Arithmetic/Rational/C: Difference between revisions
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C doesn't support classes, so a series of functions is provided that implements the arithmetic of a rational class. |
C doesn't support classes, so a series of functions is provided that implements the arithmetic of a rational class. |
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< |
<syntaxhighlight lang="c">#include <stdio.h> |
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#include <stdlib.h> |
#include <stdlib.h> |
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#include <string.h> |
#include <string.h> |
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rzlt->denominator = abs(l->denominator); // should already be nonnegative |
rzlt->denominator = abs(l->denominator); // should already be nonnegative |
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return rzlt; |
return rzlt; |
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}</ |
}</syntaxhighlight> |
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Testing |
Testing |
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< |
<syntaxhighlight lang="c">void find_perfects() |
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{ |
{ |
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int n, n2, k; |
int n, n2, k; |
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find_perfects(); |
find_perfects(); |
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return 0; |
return 0; |
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}</ |
}</syntaxhighlight> |
Latest revision as of 10:25, 26 September 2022
Arithmetic/Rational/C is part of Rational Arithmetic. You may find other members of Rational Arithmetic at Category:Rational Arithmetic.
C doesn't support classes, so a series of functions is provided that implements the arithmetic of a rational class.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h> // for fabs in converting float to rational
// a structure to contain the numerator and denominator values
typedef struct sRational {
int numerator, denominator;
} *Rational, sRational;
int gcd( int a, int b)
{
int g;
if (a<b) {
g = a; a = b; b = g;
}
g = a % b;
while (g) {
a = b; b = g;
g = a % b;
}
return abs(b);
}
int lcm( int a, int b)
{
return (a/gcd(a,b)*b);
}
Rational NewRational( int n, int d)
{
Rational r = (Rational)malloc(sizeof(sRational));
int ndgcd;
if (n!= 0)
ndgcd = gcd(n,d);
else {
ndgcd = 1; d = 1;
}
if (r) {
if (n>0) {
r->numerator = n/ndgcd;
r->denominator = d/ndgcd;
}
else {
r->numerator = -n/ndgcd;
r->denominator = -d/ndgcd;
}
}
if ( d == 0) {
printf("divide by zer0 error\n");
exit(1);
}
return r;
}
#define Ratl_Delete(r) \
{ if(r) free(r); \
r = NULL; }
Rational Ratl_Add( Rational l, Rational r, Rational rzlt)
{
int denom;
denom= lcm(l->denominator, r->denominator);
rzlt->numerator = denom/l->denominator *l->numerator
+ denom/r->denominator *r->numerator ;
rzlt->denominator = denom;
if (rzlt->numerator == 0) {
rzlt->denominator = 1;
}
else {
int d = gcd(rzlt->numerator, rzlt->denominator);
rzlt->numerator /= d;
rzlt->denominator /= d;
}
return rzlt;
}
Rational Ratl_Negate( Rational l, Rational rzlt)
{
rzlt->numerator = - l->numerator;
rzlt->denominator = l->denominator;
return rzlt;
}
Rational Ratl_Subtract(Rational l, Rational r, Rational rzlt)
{
return Ratl_Add(l,Ratl_Negate(r, rzlt), rzlt);
}
Rational Ratl_Multiply(Rational l, Rational r, Rational rzlt)
{
int g1 = gcd(l->numerator, r->denominator);
int g2 = gcd(r->numerator, l->denominator);
rzlt->numerator = l->numerator / g1 * r->numerator / g2;
rzlt->denominator = l->denominator / g2 * r->denominator / g1;
return rzlt;
}
Rational Ratl_Inverse(Rational l, Rational rzlt)
{
if (l->numerator == 0) {
printf("divide by zer0 error\n");
exit(1);
}
else if (l->numerator > 0) {
rzlt->numerator = l->denominator;
rzlt->denominator = l->numerator;
}
else {
rzlt->numerator = -l->denominator;
rzlt->denominator = -l->numerator;
}
return rzlt;
}
Rational Ratl_Divide(Rational l, Rational r, Rational rzlt)
{
return Ratl_Multiply(l, Ratl_Inverse(r, rzlt), rzlt);
}
int ipow(int base, int power )
{
int v = base, v2 = 1;
if (power < 0) return 0; // shouldn't happen
while (power > 0) {
if (power & 1)
v2 *=v;
v = v*v;
power >>= 1;
}
return v2;
}
Rational Ratl_Pow( Rational l, int power, Rational rzlt)
{
if (power >= 0) {
rzlt->numerator = ipow(l->numerator, power);
rzlt->denominator = ipow(l->denominator, power);
}
else {
rzlt->numerator = ipow(l->denominator, -power);
rzlt->denominator = ipow(l->numerator, -power);
}
return rzlt;
}
int Ratl_Compare(Rational l, Rational r)
{
int sign = (l->numerator > 0)? 1 : -1;
sRational comp;
Rational pcomp;
if ( 0 >= l->numerator * r->numerator) // if opposite signs or one is zero
return (l->numerator - r->numerator);
pcomp = Ratl_Divide(l, r, &comp);
return (pcomp->numerator - pcomp->denominator)*sign;
}
typedef enum {
LT, LE, EQ, GE, GT, NE } CompOp;
// boolean comparisons
int Ratl_Cpr( Rational l, CompOp compOp, Rational r)
{
int v;
int r1 = Ratl_Compare(l, r);
switch(compOp) {
case LT: v = (r1 <0)? 1 : 0; break;
case LE: v = (r1<=0)? 1 : 0; break;
case GT: v = (r1 >0)? 1 : 0; break;
case GE: v = (r1>=0)? 1 : 0; break;
case EQ: v = (r1==0)? 1 : 0; break;
case NE: v = (r1!=0)? 1 : 0; break;
}
return v;
}
double Ratl_2Real(Rational l)
{
return l->numerator *1.0/l->denominator;
}
int Ratl_2Int(Rational l)
{
return l->numerator /l->denominator;
}
int Ratl_2Proper(Rational l)
{
int ipart = l->numerator/l->denominator;
l->numerator %= l->denominator;
return ipart;
}
char *Ratl_2String(Rational l, char *buf, int blen)
{
char ibuf[40];
sprintf(ibuf,"%d/%d", l->numerator, l->denominator );
if (buf==NULL) return buf;
if ((int)strlen(ibuf) < blen)
strcpy(buf, ibuf);
else {
strncpy(buf, ibuf, blen-4);
strcat(buf, "...");
}
return buf;
}
Rational Int_2Ratl(int i, Rational rtnl)
{
rtnl->numerator = i;
rtnl->denominator = 1;
return rtnl;
}
Rational Real_2Ratl(double r, double eps, Rational rtnl)
{
int denom;
double v1,v2;
int isNeg = (r<0);
if ( isNeg) r = -r;
denom=0;
do {
denom++;
v1 = (r+eps)*denom;
v2 = r*denom;
v2 = fabs(v2 - (int) v1);
} while ( v2 > denom*eps);
rtnl->numerator = (int)v1 * ((isNeg)? -1 : 1);
rtnl->denominator = denom;
return rtnl;
}
Rational Ratl_Abs(Rational l, Rational rzlt)
{
rzlt->numerator = abs(l->numerator);
rzlt->denominator = abs(l->denominator); // should already be nonnegative
return rzlt;
}
Testing
void find_perfects()
{
int n, n2, k;
int end = 1<<19;
sRational r1, r2, r3;
Rational f1, f2;
Rational sum = NewRational( 0, 1 );
for (n=2; n< end; n++) {
sum = Ratl_Inverse(Int_2Ratl(n, &r1), sum);
n2 = (int)sqrt(n)+1;
for (k=2; k<n2; k++) {
if ( n % k == 0) {
f1 = Ratl_Inverse(Int_2Ratl(k,&r1), &r2);
f2 = Ratl_Inverse(Int_2Ratl(n/k,&r1),&r3);
Ratl_Add(sum, f1,sum);
Ratl_Add(sum, f2,sum);
}
}
if (sum->denominator == 1) {
printf("Perfect number %d sum is %d\n", n, Ratl_2Int(sum));
}
}
Ratl_Delete(sum);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
char ratstr[32], rs1[32],rs2[32];
double pi = 3.14159265;
sRational rtemp1, rtemp2;
Rational rz;
Rational r1 = NewRational( 5,7 );
Rational r2 = NewRational( 4,5 );
Rational r3 = NewRational( 3,4);
printf("r3 = %s\n", Ratl_2String(r3, ratstr,32));
rz = Ratl_Multiply( r1,r2, &rtemp1);
printf("%s = %s * %s\n", Ratl_2String(rz, ratstr,32),
Ratl_2String(r1, rs1,32), Ratl_2String(r2, rs2, 32));
rz = Ratl_Divide( r1,r3, &rtemp2);
printf("%s = %s / %s\n", Ratl_2String(rz, ratstr,32),
Ratl_2String(r1, rs1,32), Ratl_2String(r3, rs2, 32));
rz = Ratl_Add( r2,r3, &rtemp1);
printf("%s = %s + %s\n", Ratl_2String(rz, ratstr,32),
Ratl_2String(r2, rs1,32), Ratl_2String(r3, rs2, 32));
rz = Ratl_Subtract( r2,r3, &rtemp1);
printf("%s = %s - %s\n", Ratl_2String(rz, ratstr,32),
Ratl_2String(r2, rs1,32), Ratl_2String(r3, rs2, 32));
printf("%d = %s > %s\n", Ratl_Cpr( r2, GT, &rtemp2),
Ratl_2String(r2, rs1,32), Ratl_2String(&rtemp2, rs2, 32));
rz = Ratl_Pow( r2,-3, &rtemp1);
printf("%s = %s ^ -3\n", Ratl_2String(rz, ratstr,32),
Ratl_2String(r2, rs1,32));
printf("%s = %f\n", Ratl_2String( &rtemp2, ratstr, 32), Ratl_2Real( &rtemp2));
rz =Real_2Ratl( pi, 0.000001, &rtemp2);
printf("%10.7f ~= %s ~=%10.7f\n", pi, Ratl_2String(rz, ratstr, 32),
Ratl_2Real(rz));
find_perfects();
return 0;
}