Terminal control/Coloured text: Difference between revisions
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* How to cause blinking or flashing (if supported by the terminal) |
* How to cause blinking or flashing (if supported by the terminal) |
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=={{header|AArch64 Assembly}}== |
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{{works with|as|Raspberry Pi 3B version Buster 64 bits}} |
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<lang AArch64 Assembly> |
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/* ARM assembly AARCH64 Raspberry PI 3B */ |
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/* program colorterminal64.s */ |
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/*******************************************/ |
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/* Constantes file */ |
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/*******************************************/ |
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/* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly*/ |
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.include "../includeConstantesARM64.inc" |
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/*******************************************/ |
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/* Initialized data */ |
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/*******************************************/ |
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.data |
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szMessStartPgm: .asciz "Program start \n" |
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szMessEndPgm: .asciz "Program normal end.\n" |
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szMessColorRed: .asciz "Color red.\n" |
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szCodeInit: .asciz "\033[0m" //color reinit |
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szCodeRed: .asciz "\033[31m" //color red |
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szMessBlue: .asciz "\033[34mColor Blue\n" //color blue |
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szMessTwoColor: .asciz "\033[32mColor Green \033[35m Color Velvet\n" |
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szMessTest: .asciz "\033[33m\033[1mMessage yellow bold\n" |
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szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n" |
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/*******************************************/ |
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/* UnInitialized data */ |
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/*******************************************/ |
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.bss |
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/*******************************************/ |
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/* code section */ |
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/*******************************************/ |
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.text |
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.global main |
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main: |
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ldr x0,qAdrszMessStartPgm //display start message |
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bl affichageMess |
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ldr x0,qAdrszCodeRed //color red |
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bl affichageMess |
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ldr x0,qAdrszMessColorRed |
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bl affichageMess |
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ldr x0,qAdrszMessBlue //message color blue |
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bl affichageMess |
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ldr x0,qAdrszMessTwoColor //message two colors |
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bl affichageMess |
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ldr x0,qAdrszMessTest |
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bl affichageMess |
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ldr x0,qAdrszCodeInit //color reinitialize |
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bl affichageMess |
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ldr x0,qAdrszMessEndPgm //display end message |
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bl affichageMess |
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100: //standard end of the program |
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mov x0,0 //return code |
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mov x8,EXIT //request to exit program |
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svc 0 //perform system call |
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qAdrszMessStartPgm: .quad szMessStartPgm |
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qAdrszMessEndPgm: .quad szMessEndPgm |
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qAdrszCodeInit: .quad szCodeInit |
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qAdrszCodeRed: .quad szCodeRed |
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qAdrszMessBlue: .quad szMessBlue |
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qAdrszMessColorRed: .quad szMessColorRed |
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qAdrszMessTwoColor: .quad szMessTwoColor |
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qAdrszMessTest: .quad szMessTest |
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qAdrszCarriageReturn: .quad szCarriageReturn |
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/********************************************************/ |
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/* File Include fonctions */ |
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/********************************************************/ |
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/* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly */ |
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.include "../includeARM64.inc" |
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</lang> |
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<pre> |
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Program start |
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Color red. |
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Color Blue |
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Color Green Color Velvet |
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Message yellow bold |
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Program normal end. |
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</pre> |
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=={{header|ARM Assembly}}== |
=={{header|ARM Assembly}}== |
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{{works with|as|Raspberry Pi}} |
{{works with|as|Raspberry Pi}} |
Revision as of 18:03, 22 September 2020
![Task](http://static.miraheze.org/rosettacodewiki/thumb/b/ba/Rcode-button-task-crushed.png/64px-Rcode-button-task-crushed.png)
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
- Task
Display a word in various colours on the terminal.
The system palette, or colours such as Red, Green, Blue, Magenta, Cyan, and Yellow can be used.
Optionally demonstrate:
- How the system should determine if the terminal supports colour
- Setting of the background colour
- How to cause blinking or flashing (if supported by the terminal)
AArch64 Assembly
<lang AArch64 Assembly> /* ARM assembly AARCH64 Raspberry PI 3B */ /* program colorterminal64.s */
/*******************************************/ /* Constantes file */ /*******************************************/ /* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly*/ .include "../includeConstantesARM64.inc"
/*******************************************/ /* Initialized data */ /*******************************************/ .data szMessStartPgm: .asciz "Program start \n" szMessEndPgm: .asciz "Program normal end.\n" szMessColorRed: .asciz "Color red.\n" szCodeInit: .asciz "\033[0m" //color reinit szCodeRed: .asciz "\033[31m" //color red szMessBlue: .asciz "\033[34mColor Blue\n" //color blue szMessTwoColor: .asciz "\033[32mColor Green \033[35m Color Velvet\n" szMessTest: .asciz "\033[33m\033[1mMessage yellow bold\n"
szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n" /*******************************************/ /* UnInitialized data */ /*******************************************/ .bss /*******************************************/ /* code section */ /*******************************************/ .text .global main main:
ldr x0,qAdrszMessStartPgm //display start message bl affichageMess ldr x0,qAdrszCodeRed //color red bl affichageMess ldr x0,qAdrszMessColorRed bl affichageMess ldr x0,qAdrszMessBlue //message color blue bl affichageMess ldr x0,qAdrszMessTwoColor //message two colors bl affichageMess ldr x0,qAdrszMessTest bl affichageMess ldr x0,qAdrszCodeInit //color reinitialize bl affichageMess ldr x0,qAdrszMessEndPgm //display end message bl affichageMess
100: //standard end of the program
mov x0,0 //return code mov x8,EXIT //request to exit program svc 0 //perform system call
qAdrszMessStartPgm: .quad szMessStartPgm qAdrszMessEndPgm: .quad szMessEndPgm qAdrszCodeInit: .quad szCodeInit qAdrszCodeRed: .quad szCodeRed qAdrszMessBlue: .quad szMessBlue qAdrszMessColorRed: .quad szMessColorRed qAdrszMessTwoColor: .quad szMessTwoColor qAdrszMessTest: .quad szMessTest qAdrszCarriageReturn: .quad szCarriageReturn /********************************************************/ /* File Include fonctions */ /********************************************************/ /* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly */ .include "../includeARM64.inc" </lang>
Program start Color red. Color Blue Color Green Color Velvet Message yellow bold Program normal end.
ARM Assembly
<lang ARM Assembly>
/* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */ /* program colorText.s */
/* Constantes */ .equ STDOUT, 1 @ Linux output console .equ EXIT, 1 @ Linux syscall .equ WRITE, 4 @ Linux syscall
.equ BUFFERSIZE, 100
/* Initialized data */ .data szMessStartPgm: .asciz "Program start \n" szMessEndPgm: .asciz "Program normal end.\n" szMessColorRed: .asciz "Color red.\n" szCodeInit: .asciz "\033[0m" @ color reinit szCodeRed: .asciz "\033[31m" @ color red szMessBlue: .asciz "\033[34mColor Blue\n" @ color blue szMessTwoColor: .asciz "\033[32mColor Green \033[35m Color Velvet\n" szMessTest: .asciz "\033[33m\033[1mMessage yellow bold\n"
szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n"
/* UnInitialized data */ .bss
/* code section */ .text .global main main:
ldr r0,iAdrszMessStartPgm @ display start message bl affichageMess ldr r0,iAdrszCodeRed @ color red bl affichageMess ldr r0,iAdrszMessColorRed bl affichageMess ldr r0,iAdrszMessBlue @ message color blue bl affichageMess ldr r0,iAdrszMessTwoColor @ message two colors bl affichageMess ldr r0,iAdrszMessTest bl affichageMess ldr r0,iAdrszCodeInit @ color reinitialize bl affichageMess ldr r0,iAdrszMessEndPgm @ display end message bl affichageMess
100: @ standard end of the program
mov r0, #0 @ return code mov r7, #EXIT @ request to exit program svc 0 @ perform system call
iAdrszMessStartPgm: .int szMessStartPgm iAdrszMessEndPgm: .int szMessEndPgm iAdrszCodeInit: .int szCodeInit iAdrszCodeRed: .int szCodeRed iAdrszMessBlue: .int szMessBlue iAdrszMessColorRed: .int szMessColorRed iAdrszMessTwoColor: .int szMessTwoColor iAdrszMessTest: .int szMessTest iAdrszCarriageReturn: .int szCarriageReturn
/******************************************************************/ /* display text with size calculation */ /******************************************************************/ /* r0 contains the address of the message */ affichageMess:
push {r0,r1,r2,r7,lr} @ save registers mov r2,#0 @ counter length */
1: @ loop length calculation
ldrb r1,[r0,r2] @ read octet start position + index cmp r1,#0 @ if 0 its over addne r2,r2,#1 @ else add 1 in the length bne 1b @ and loop @ so here r2 contains the length of the message mov r1,r0 @ address message in r1 mov r0,#STDOUT @ code to write to the standard output Linux mov r7, #WRITE @ code call system "write" svc #0 @ call system pop {r0,r1,r2,r7,lr} @ restaur registers bx lr @ return
</lang>
Arturo
<lang arturo>str "Hello World"
print $(color str "red") print $(color str "green") print $(color str "blue") print $(color str "magenta") print $(color str "yellow") print $(color str "cyan") print $(color str "black") print $(color str "white")</lang>
AutoHotkey
![](http://static.miraheze.org/rosettacodewiki/thumb/0/0a/AutoHotkey_terminal_control_coloured_text.jpeg/300px-AutoHotkey_terminal_control_coloured_text.jpeg)
AutoHotkey is not written for the command line, so we need to use the WinAPI directly. For simplicity, this example demonstrates only the foreground colours. <lang AHK>DllCall( "AllocConsole" ) ; create a console if not launched from one hConsole := DllCall( "GetStdHandle", int, STDOUT := -11 ) Loop 15 SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, A_Index) ,WriteConsole(hConsole, "AutoHotkey`n")
MsgBox
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, Attributes){ return DllCall( "SetConsoleTextAttribute", UPtr, hConsole, UShort, Attributes) } WriteConsole(hConsole, text){ VarSetCapacity(out, 16) If DllCall( "WriteConsole", UPtr, hConsole, Str, text, UInt, StrLen(text) , UPtrP, out, uint, 0 ) return out return 0 }</lang>
BaCon
<lang freebasic>' ANSI terminal coloured text COLOR FG TO BLACK PRINT "a word"
COLOR FG TO RED PRINT "a word"
COLOR FG TO GREEN PRINT "a word"
' Other colours include YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE ' Second keyword can be BG for background colour control ' The COLOR command also accepts keywords of NORMAL, INTENSE, INVERSE, RESET</lang>
BASIC
![](http://static.miraheze.org/rosettacodewiki/5/54/QBasic_colored_text.png)
<lang qbasic>FOR n = 1 TO 15
COLOR n PRINT "Rosetta Code"
NEXT</lang>
Commodore BASIC
Color palettes vary across the Commodore 8-bit computers that have color capability.
Commodore VIC-20
Eight (8) colors available.
<lang gwbasic>10 print chr$(147) 20 for i=0 to 7 30 poke 646,i:print "rosetta code!" 40 next i 50 poke 646,0:end</lang>
Commodore 64
Sixteen (16) colors available. This program also works on the rare Commodore CBM-II P500, which featured the same VIC-II video chip as the Commodore 64. Simply change the memory address from 646 to 236.
<lang gwbasic>10 print chr$(147) 20 for i=0 to 15 30 poke 646,i:print "rosetta code!" 40 next 50 poke 646,14:end</lang>
Commodore 128
Outputs 16 colors to both the 80-column and 40-column displays, however the palette between the two displays is not exactly the same.
<lang gwbasic>10 graphic 5,1 20 for i=0 to 15 30 color 5,i:print "rosetta code!" 40 next i 50 graphic 0,1 60 for i=0 to 15 70 color 5,i:print "rosetta code!" 80 next i 90 end</lang>
Commodore Plus/4
This machine is capable of 8 luminance values for 15 colors, plus black, yielding a total of 121 unique colors.
<lang gwbasic>10 graphic 0,1 20 for c=1 to 16 30 for b=0 to 7 40 color 1,c,b:print "rosetta code!" 50 next b:next c 60 color 1,0:end</lang>
BBC BASIC
<lang bbcbasic> FOR col% = 0 TO 14
COLOUR col% : REM foreground COLOUR 128+(15-col%) : REM background PRINT "Rosetta Code" NEXT</lang>
Befunge
Assuming a terminal with support for ANSI escape sequences, this displays the words Red, Green, Blue, Magenta, Cyan and Yellow, using the corresponding text colour and a "complementary" background colour. <lang befunge><v0"1Red"0"2Green"0"4Blue"0"5Magenta"0"6Cyan"0"3Yellow"00 ,_:!#@_:"m3["39*,,,\,,"m4["39*,,,\"g"\->:#,_55+"m["39*,,,</lang>
C
On a terminal that understands ANSI escape sequences, such as color xterm, this shows you some annoyingly huge, annoyingly colorful tables. <lang c>#include <stdio.h>
void table(const char *title, const char *mode) { int f, b; printf("\n\033[1m%s\033[m\n bg\t fg\n", title); for (b = 40; b <= 107; b++) { if (b == 48) b = 100; printf("%3d\t\033[%s%dm", b, mode, b); for (f = 30; f <= 97; f++) { if (f == 38) f = 90; printf("\033[%dm%3d ", f, f); } puts("\033[m"); } }
int main(void) { int fg, bg, blink, inverse;
table("normal ( ESC[22m or ESC[m )", "22;"); table("bold ( ESC[1m )", "1;"); table("faint ( ESC[2m ), not well supported", "2;"); table("italic ( ESC[3m ), not well supported", "3;"); table("underline ( ESC[4m ), support varies", "4;"); table("blink ( ESC[5m )", "5;"); table("inverted ( ESC[7m )", "7;"); return 0; }</lang>
C#
Visual Studios Intellisense will list all available colours. <lang csharp> static void Main(string[] args) {
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red; Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow; Console.WriteLine("Red on Yellow"); Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White; Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.Black; Console.WriteLine("White on black"); Console.ResetColor(); Console.WriteLine("Back to normal"); Console.ReadKey();
} </lang>
COBOL
Note: LOWLIGHT
and BLINK
are not well supported on modern terminals, and may have no effect.
<lang cobol>*> Apologies for the repetitiveness.
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. PROGRAM-ID. coloured-text.
DATA DIVISION. WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 78 example-str VALUE "COBOL".
01 fore-colour PIC 9. 01 back-colour PIC 9.
01 line-num PIC 99 VALUE 1. 01 col-num PIC 99 VALUE 1.
01 pause PIC X.
PROCEDURE DIVISION. PERFORM VARYING fore-colour FROM 0 BY 1 UNTIL fore-colour > 7 PERFORM VARYING back-colour FROM 0 BY 1 UNTIL back-colour > 7 DISPLAY example-str AT LINE line-num, COLUMN col-num WITH FOREGROUND-COLOR fore-colour, BACKGROUND-COLOR back-colour ADD 6 TO col-num END-PERFORM
ADD 1 TO line-num MOVE 1 TO col-num END-PERFORM
DISPLAY "With HIGHLIGHT:" AT LINE line-num, COLUMN 1 ADD 1 TO line-num
PERFORM VARYING fore-colour FROM 0 BY 1 UNTIL fore-colour > 7 PERFORM VARYING back-colour FROM 0 BY 1 UNTIL back-colour > 7 DISPLAY example-str AT LINE line-num, COLUMN col-num WITH FOREGROUND-COLOR fore-colour, BACKGROUND-COLOR back-colour HIGHLIGHT ADD 6 TO col-num END-PERFORM
ADD 1 TO line-num MOVE 1 TO col-num END-PERFORM
DISPLAY "With LOWLIGHT: (has no effect on many terminals)" AT LINE line-num, COLUMN 1 ADD 1 TO line-num
PERFORM VARYING fore-colour FROM 0 BY 1 UNTIL fore-colour > 7 PERFORM VARYING back-colour FROM 0 BY 1 UNTIL back-colour > 7 DISPLAY example-str AT LINE line-num, COLUMN col-num WITH FOREGROUND-COLOR fore-colour, BACKGROUND-COLOR back-colour LOWLIGHT ADD 6 TO col-num END-PERFORM
ADD 1 TO line-num MOVE 1 TO col-num END-PERFORM
DISPLAY "With BLINK:" AT LINE line-num, COLUMN 1 ADD 1 TO line-num
PERFORM VARYING fore-colour FROM 0 BY 1 UNTIL fore-colour > 7 PERFORM VARYING back-colour FROM 0 BY 1 UNTIL back-colour > 7 DISPLAY example-str AT LINE line-num, COLUMN col-num WITH FOREGROUND-COLOR fore-colour, BACKGROUND-COLOR back-colour BLINK ADD 6 TO col-num END-PERFORM
ADD 1 TO line-num MOVE 1 TO col-num END-PERFORM
DISPLAY "Press enter to continue." AT LINE line-num, COLUMN 1 ACCEPT pause AT LINE line-num, COLUMN 40
GOBACK .</lang>
Common Lisp
ncurses
To interface the ncurses C library from Lisp, the croatoan library is used. <lang lisp>(defun coloured-text ()
(with-screen (scr :input-blocking t :input-echoing nil :cursor-visible nil) (dolist (i '(:red :green :yellow :blue :magenta :cyan :white)) (add-string scr (format nil "~A~%" i) :fgcolor i)) (refresh scr) ;; wait for keypress (get-char scr)))</lang>
D
For terminals that understand color escape sequences: <lang d>import
std.conv, std.stdio;
enum Color {
fgBlack = 30, fgRed, fgGreen, fgYellow, fgBlue, fgMagenta, fgCyan, fgWhite,
bgBlack = 40, bgRed, bgGreen, bgYellow, bgBlue, bgMagenta, bgCyan, bgWhite
}
string color(string text, Color ink) {
return "\033[" ~ ink.to!int.to!string ~ "m" ~ text ~ "\033[0m";
}
void main() {
auto colors = [ Color.fgBlack, Color.fgRed, Color.fgGreen, Color.fgYellow, Color.fgBlue, Color.fgMagenta, Color.fgCyan, Color.fgWhite ];
foreach (c; colors) { // Print the color name, in white. c.to!string.color(Color.fgWhite).writeln;
// Print some text in the color. "Hello, world!".color(c).writeln; }
}</lang>
Dc
I'm just assuming an ANSI terminal like "xterm". That is what I'm working with every day. What kind of terminal is present "dc" cannot determine.
Regarding blinking... may be I add that later. <lang dc>## after PARI/GP
- C: for( initcode ; condcode ; incrcode ) {body}
- .[q] [1] [2] [3] [4]
- # [initcode] [condcode] [incrcode] [body] (for)
[ [q]S. 4:.3:.2:.x [2;.x 0=. 4;.x 3;.x 0;.x]d0:.x
Os.L.o
]sF # F = for
[
27P ## ESC 91P ## Bra ... together: CSI n ## colour 1 (fg) [;]P ## ";" n ## colour 2 (bg) [;1m]P ## ";1m"
]sS [
27P ## ESC 91P ## Bra ... together: CSI [0m]P ## "0m"
]sR
[0q]s0 [<0 1]sL ## L: isle
- for b=40 b<=47 ++b
- for f=30 f<=37 ++f
[40sb] [lb 47 lLx] [lb 1+ sb] [
[30sf] [lf 37 lLx] [lf 1+ sf] [ lb lf lSx [colour-blind]P lRx [ ]P ] lFx ## for b AP
] lFx ## for f</lang>
F#
<lang fsharp>open System
Console.ForegroundColor <- ConsoleColor.Red Console.BackgroundColor <- ConsoleColor.Yellow Console.WriteLine("Red on Yellow")
Console.ForegroundColor <- ConsoleColor.White Console.BackgroundColor <- ConsoleColor.Black Console.WriteLine("White on Black")
Console.ForegroundColor <- ConsoleColor.Green Console.BackgroundColor <- ConsoleColor.Blue Console.WriteLine("Green on Blue")
Console.ResetColor() Console.WriteLine("Back to normal") Console.ReadKey()</lang>
Forth
ANS/ISO Forth does not specify how screen color is handled. This demonstration creates a set of commands for an ANSI terminal that give the programmer control of text color. <LANG FORTH>( ANSI terminal control lexicon Colored Text) DECIMAL ( support routines)
27 CONSTANT ESC
- <##> ( n -- ) ( sends n, radix 10, no spaces)
BASE @ >R 0 <# #S #> TYPE R> BASE ! ;
- ESC[ ( -- ) ESC EMIT ." [" ;
( Attributes ) 1 CONSTANT BOLD 2 CONSTANT DIM 3 CONSTANT ITALIC 5 CONSTANT BLINK 7 CONSTANT REV 8 CONSTANT BLANK
( Colors ) 0 CONSTANT BLACK 1 CONSTANT RED 2 CONSTANT GREEN 3 CONSTANT YELLOW 4 CONSTANT BLUE 5 CONSTANT MAGENTA 6 CONSTANT CYAN 7 CONSTANT WHITE
- ATTR ( attribute ) ESC[ <##> ." m" ; ( use: BOLD ATTR )
- TEXT ( color ) 30 + ATTR ; ( use: YELLOW TEXT )
- BACKGROUND ( color ) 40 + ATTR ; ( use: BLUE BACKGROUND )
</LANG> With the code loaded into Forth, color control is a part of the language <lang forth>WHITE TEXT BLUE BACKGROUND ok BLUE TEXT BOLD ATTR ok CYAN TEXT ok</LANG>
Fortran
<lang fortran>! Standard Fortran, should work with any modern compiler (tested gfortran 9) ! and ANSI supporting terminal (tested Linux, various terminals). program coloured_terminal_text
use, intrinsic :: iso_fortran_env, only: ERROR_UNIT implicit none
! Some parameters for our ANSI escape codes character(*), parameter :: esc = achar(27) ! Escape character. character(*), parameter :: reset = esc // '[0m' ! Terminates an ANSI code. ! Foreground(font) Colours character(*), parameter :: red = esc // '[31m' character(*), parameter :: green = esc // '[32m' character(*), parameter :: yellow = esc // '[33m' character(*), parameter :: blue = esc // '[34m' character(*), parameter :: magenta = esc // '[35m' character(*), parameter :: cyan = esc // '[36m' character(*), parameter :: grey = esc // '[90m' !Bright-Black ! One background colour character(*), parameter :: background_green = esc // '[42m' ! Some other formatting character(*), parameter :: bold = esc // '[1m' character(*), parameter :: bold_blink = esc // '[1;5m'
! Write to terminal (stderr, use OUTPUT_UNIT for stdout) write(ERROR_UNIT, '(a)') bold // 'Coloured words:' // reset write(ERROR_UNIT, '(4x, a)') & red // 'Red' // reset, & green // 'Green' // reset, & yellow // 'Yellow' // reset, & blue // 'Blue' // reset, & magenta // 'Magenta' // reset, & cyan // 'Cyan' // reset, & grey // 'Grey' // reset write(ERROR_UNIT, '(a)') bold_blink // 'THE END ;-)' // reset
write(ERROR_UNIT, '(a)') background_green // 'Bonus Round' // reset
end program coloured_terminal_text</lang>
Intel Fortran on Windows
Using Windows API functions, see for instance SetConsoleTextAttribute in MSDN. On can set foreground and background colors, available attributes are here. It's not possible to cause blinking without using a thread to change attributes at time intervals. The program reverts the console attributes to the preceding values. Failing to do that, it is still possible to reset console colors with the color command, without arguments.
<lang fortran>program textcolor
use kernel32 implicit none integer(HANDLE) :: hConsole integer(BOOL) :: q type(T_CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO) :: csbi hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) if (GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hConsole, csbi) == 0) then error stop "GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo failed." end if q = SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, int(FOREGROUND_RED .or. & FOREGROUND_INTENSITY .or. & BACKGROUND_BLUE .or. & BACKGROUND_RED, WORD)) print "(A)", "This is a red string." q = SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, csbi%wAttributes)
end program</lang>
FunL
<lang funl>import console.*
bold() blink()
if $os.toLowerCase().startsWith( 'win' )
println( 'not supported' )
else
println( 'good to go' )
reset()
println( RED + 'Red', GREEN + 'Green', BLUE + 'Blue', MAGENTA + 'Magenta', CYAN + 'Cyan', YELLOW + 'Yellow' + RESET )</lang>
Go
External command
<lang go>package main
import (
"fmt" "os" "os/exec"
)
func main() {
color(red) fmt.Println("Red") color(green) fmt.Println("Green") color(blue) fmt.Println("Blue")
}
const (
blue = "1" green = "2" red = "4"
)
func color(c string) {
cmd := exec.Command("tput", "setf", c) cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout cmd.Run()
}</lang> Optional tasks <lang go>package main
import (
"fmt" "log" "os" "os/exec"
)
func main() {
// set background color to blue, log error message if impossible. if err := tput("setb", blue); err != nil { log.Fatal("no color capability") } // clearing the screen will fill screen with background color // on most terminals. tput("clear")
tput("blink") // set blink attribute tput("setb", red) // new background color fmt.Println(" Blinking Red ") tput("sgr0") // clear blink (and all other attributes)
}
const (
blue = "1" green = "2" red = "4"
)
func tput(args ...string) error {
cmd := exec.Command("tput", args...) cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout return cmd.Run()
}</lang>
ANSI escape codes
<lang go>package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
fmt.Println("\033[31mRed") fmt.Println("\033[32mGreen") fmt.Println("\033[34mBlue")
}</lang> Optional tasks <lang go>package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
fmt.Print("\033[44m") // set background color fmt.Print("\033[2J") // clear screen to paint new background color fmt.Print("\033[5;41m") // blink on, red background fmt.Println(" Blinking Red ") fmt.Print("\033[25;40m") // blink off, black background
}</lang>
Ncurses
<lang go>package main
import (
"log"
gc "code.google.com/p/goncurses"
)
func main() {
s, err := gc.Init() if err != nil { log.Fatal("init:", err) } defer gc.End() gc.StartColor() const ( red = 1 green = 2 blue = 3 ) gc.InitPair(red, gc.C_RED, gc.C_BLACK) gc.InitPair(green, gc.C_GREEN, gc.C_BLACK) gc.InitPair(blue, gc.C_BLUE, gc.C_BLACK) s.ColorOn(red) s.Println("Red") s.ColorOn(green) s.Println("Green") s.ColorOn(blue) s.Println("Blue") s.GetChar()
}</lang> Optional tasks <lang go>package main
import (
"log"
gc "code.google.com/p/goncurses"
)
func main() {
s, err := gc.Init() if err != nil { log.Fatal("init:", err) } defer gc.End() // determine color support if !gc.HasColors() { log.Fatal("no color support") } // set background color gc.StartColor() gc.InitPair(1, gc.C_WHITE, gc.C_BLUE) s.ColorOn(1) s.SetBackground(gc.Char(' ') | gc.ColorPair(1)) // blinking, different background color s.AttrOn(gc.A_BLINK) gc.InitPair(2, gc.C_WHITE, gc.C_RED) s.ColorOn(2) s.Print(" Blinking Red ") s.GetChar()
}</lang>
Golo
<lang golo>#!/usr/bin/env golosh
This module demonstrates terminal colours.
module Terminalcontrolcoloredtext
import gololang.AnsiCodes
function main = |args| {
# these are lists of pointers to the ansi functions in the golo library. # {} doesn't do anything so it's got no effect on the text.
let foregrounds = vector[ ^fg_red, ^fg_blue, ^fg_magenta, ^fg_white, ^fg_black, ^fg_cyan, ^fg_green, ^fg_yellow ] let backgrounds = vector[ ^bg_red, ^bg_blue, ^bg_magenta, ^bg_white, ^bg_black, ^bg_cyan, ^bg_green, ^bg_yellow ] let effects = vector[ {}, ^bold, ^blink, ^underscore, ^concealed, ^reverse_video ]
println("Terminal supports ansi code: " + likelySupported())
foreach fg in foregrounds { foreach bg in backgrounds { foreach effect in effects { fg() bg() effect() print("Rosetta Code") reset() } } } println("")
}</lang>
Haskell
<lang haskell>#!/usr/bin/runhaskell
import System.Console.ANSI
colorStrLn :: ColorIntensity -> Color -> ColorIntensity -> Color -> String -> IO () colorStrLn fgi fg bgi bg str = do
setSGR [SetColor Foreground fgi fg, SetColor Background bgi bg] putStr str setSGR [] putStrLn ""
main = do
colorStrLn Vivid White Vivid Red "This is red on white." colorStrLn Vivid White Dull Blue "This is white on blue." colorStrLn Vivid Green Dull Black "This is green on black." colorStrLn Vivid Yellow Dull Black "This is yellow on black." colorStrLn Dull Black Vivid Blue "This is black on light blue."</lang>
J
Quite different from the fixed c solution, we flexibly construct character vectors that combine various functions. This code constructs two such sequences, DB is useful to write vertical text, and the noun J output to the terminal draws to the extent of my artistic ability the J icon at the relative position. <lang J>NB. relies on an vt100 terminal
CSI=: 27 91 { a. 'BLACK BLUE CYAN WHITE'=: 0 4 6 7 'OFF REVERSEVIDEO'=: 0 7
HIDECURSOR=: CSI,'?25l' SHOWCURSOR=: CSI,'?25h'
csi=: (,~ (CSI , (' '&=)`(,:&';')}@:":))~ clear=: csi&'J' attributes=: csi&'m' color=: BLACK&$: : (attributes@:(40 30 + ,)) NB. BACKGROUND color FOREGROUND move=: csi&'H'
upward=: csi&'A' downward=: csi&'B' foreward=: csi&'C' backward=: csi&'D'
DB=: (downward , backward)
NB. J is character vector to simulate the J icon. J=: (BLUE color WHITE[CYAN) J=: J , (backward 1),' T ',(backward 1),DB,,3#,:'|',DB J=: J , (backward 5),'* |',DB J=: J , (backward 5),'\____/' smoutput(color BLACK),(clear 2),(move 8 22),J,(WHITE color BLACK),(downward 2) </lang>
Julia
Julia has rudimentary color terminal support built-in. Slightly more elaborate color and effect support is available with the AnsiColor
package.
<lang Julia>
using AnsiColor
function showbasecolors()
for color in keys(Base.text_colors) print_with_color(color, " ", string(color), " ") end println()
end
function showansicolors()
for fore in keys(AnsiColor.COLORS) print(@sprintf("%15s ", fore)) for back in keys(AnsiColor.COLORS) print(" ", colorize(fore, "RC", background=back), " ") end println() end println() for eff in keys(AnsiColor.MODES) print(@sprintf(" %s ", eff), colorize("default", "RC", mode=eff)) end println()
end
if Base.have_color
println() println("Base Colors") showbasecolors() println("\nusing AnsiColor") showansicolors() println()
else
println("This terminal appears not to support color.")
end </lang>
- Output:
$ julia --color=yes terminal_control_color.jl
- Output:
$ julia --color=no terminal_control_color.jl This terminal appears not to support color.
Kotlin
<lang scala>// version 1.1.2
const val ESC = "\u001B" const val NORMAL = ESC + "[0" const val BOLD = ESC + "[1" const val BLINK = ESC + "[5" // not working on my machine const val BLACK = ESC + "[0;40m" // black background const val WHITE = ESC + "[0;37m" // normal white foreground
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
print("${ESC}c") // clear terminal first print(BLACK) // set background color to black val foreColors = listOf( ";31m" to "red", ";32m" to "green", ";33m" to "yellow", ";34m" to "blue", ";35m" to "magenta", ";36m" to "cyan", ";37m" to "white" ) for (attr in listOf(NORMAL, BOLD, BLINK)) { for (color in foreColors) println("$attr${color.first}${color.second}") } println(WHITE) // set foreground color to normal white
}</lang>
Lasso
<lang Lasso>#!/usr/bin/lasso9
define ec(code::string) => {
local(esc = decode_base64('Gw==')) local(codes = map('esc' = #esc, 'normal' = #esc + '[0m', 'blink' = #esc + '[5;31;49m', 'red' = #esc + '[31;49m', 'blue' = #esc + '[34;49m', 'green' = #esc + '[32;49m', 'magenta' = #esc + '[35;49m', 'yellowred' = #esc + '[33;41m' ))
return #codes -> find(#code) }
stdout( ec('red')) stdoutnl('So this is the Rosetta Code!') stdout( ec('blue')) stdoutnl('So this is the Rosetta Code!') stdout( ec('green')) stdoutnl('So this is the Rosetta Code!') stdout( ec('magenta')) stdoutnl('So this is the Rosetta Code!') stdout( ec('yellowred')) stdout('So this is the Rosetta Code!') stdoutnl( ec('blink')) stdoutnl('So this is the Rosetta Code!') stdout( ec('normal')) </lang>
Locomotive Basic
<lang locobasic>10 mode 1:defint a-z 20 print "Mode 1 (4 colors):" 30 for y=0 to 3 40 for x=0 to 3 50 pen x:paper y:print "Test"; 60 next 70 print 80 next 90 pen 1:paper 0 100 locate 1,25:print "<Press any key>";:call &bb06 110 ink 1,8,26 120 ink 2,21,17 130 locate 1,25:print "Flashing inks --- <Press any key>";:call &bb06 140 speed ink 8,3 150 locate 1,25:print "Different flashing --- <Press any key>";:call &bb06 160 ink 1,24:ink 2,20 ' back to defaults -- see chapter 1, page 50 in CPC manual 170 pen 1:paper 0:mode 0:speed ink 50,50 180 print "Mode 0 (16 colors):" 190 for i=0 to 15 200 pen i 210 if i=0 then paper 1 else paper 0 220 print using "##";i; 230 for j=1 to 18 240 print chr$(143); 250 next 260 next 270 pen 1:paper 0 280 print "Paper/pen 14 and 15" 290 print "are set to"; 300 pen 14:print " flashing":pen 1 310 print "by default." 320 print 330 print "*End of color demo*" 340 locate 1,25:print "<Press any key>";:call &bb06 350 mode 1</lang>
Mathematica
Delegating to tput on terminal enabled OS(Mac Os, Linux)
<lang Mathematica>Run["tput setaf 1"]; Print["Coloured Text"];
Run["tput setaf 2"]; Print["Coloured Text"];
Run["tput setaf 3"]; Print["Coloured Text"]</lang>
Nim
<lang nim>import Terminal setForegroundColor(fgRed) echo "FATAL ERROR! Cannot write to /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-33-generic"
setBackgroundColor(bgBlue) setForegroundColor(fgYellow) stdout.write "This is an " writeStyled "important" stdout.write " word" resetAttributes() stdout.write "\n"
setForegroundColor(fgYellow) echo "RosettaCode!"
setForegroundColor(fgCyan) echo "RosettaCode!"
setForegroundColor(fgGreen) echo "RosettaCode!"
setForegroundColor(fgMagenta) echo "RosettaCode!"</lang>
OCaml
Using the library ANSITerminal in the interactive loop:
<lang ocaml>$ ocaml unix.cma -I +ANSITerminal ANSITerminal.cma
- open ANSITerminal ;;
- print_string [cyan; on_blue] "Hello\n" ;;
Hello - : unit = ()</lang>
ooRexx
This program is based on the shell script in the Bash Prompt HowTo at http://www.tldp.org/, by Giles Orr. It uses object-oriented features of Open Object Rexx. <lang REXX>
- !/usr/bin/rexx
/*.----------------------------------------------------------------------.*/ /*|bashcolours: Display a table showing all of the possible colours that |*/ /*| can be generated using ANSI escapes in bash in an xterm |*/ /*| terminal session. |*/ /*| |*/ /*|Usage: |*/ /*| |*/ /*|>>-bashcolours-.----------.-----------------------------------------><|*/ /*| |-- -? ----| |*/ /*| |-- -h ----| |*/ /*| '- --help -' |*/ /*| |*/ /*|where |*/ /*| -?, -h or --help |*/ /*| display this documentation. |*/ /*| |*/ /*|This program is based on the shell script in the Bash Prompt HowTo at |*/ /*|http://www.tldp.org/, by Giles Orr. |*/ /*| |*/ /*|This program writes the various colour codes to the terminal to |*/ /*|demonstrate what's available. Each line showshe colour code of one |*/ /*|forground colour, out of 17 (default + 16 escapes), followed by a test|*/ /*|use of that colour on all nine background colours (default + 8 |*/ /*|escapes). Additional highlighting escapes are also demonstrated. |*/ /*| |*/ /*|This program uses object-oriented features of Open Object Rexx. |*/ /*|The lineout method is used instead of say for consistency with use of |*/ /*|the charout method. |*/ /*'----------------------------------------------------------------------'*/
call usage arg(1) trace normal
/* See if escapes work on the kind of terminal in use. */
if value('TERM',,'ENVIRONMENT') = 'LINUX' then do say 'The Linux console does not support ANSI escape sequences for', 'changing text colours or highlighting.' exit 4 end
/* Set up the escape sequences. */
! = '1B'x -- ASCII escape bg = .array~of('[40m','[41m','[42m','[43m','[44m','[45m','[46m','[47m') fg = .array~of('[0m', '[1m', '[0;30m','[1;30m','[0;31m','[1;31m',, '[0;32m','[1;32m','[0;33m','[1;33m','[0;34m','[1;34m',, '[0;35m','[1;35m','[0;36m','[1;36m','[0;37m','[1;37m') hi = .array~of('[4m','[5m','[7m','[8m') text = 'gYw' -- The test text .OUTPUT~lineout(' ') .OUTPUT~lineout('Foreground | Background Codes') .OUTPUT~lineout(!'[4mCodes '!'[0m|'||, !'[4m~[40m ~[41m ~[42m ~[43m ~[44m ~[45m ~[46m ~[47m'!'[0m')
do f = 1 to fg~size -- write the foreground info. prefix = '~'fg[f]~left(6)' '!||fg[f]~strip' 'text .OUTPUT~charout(prefix)
do b = 1 to bg~size -- write the background info. segment = !||fg[f]~strip !||bg[b]' 'text' '!||fg[1] .OUTPUT~charout(segment) end
.OUTPUT~lineout(' ') end
/* Write the various highlighting escape sequences. */
prefix = '~[4m'~left(6)' '!||hi[1]'Underlined'!||fg[1] .OUTPUT~lineout(prefix) prefix = '~[5m'~left(6)' '!||hi[2]'Blinking'!||fg[1] .OUTPUT~lineout(prefix) prefix = '~[7m'~left(6)' '!||hi[3]'Inverted'!||fg[1] .OUTPUT~lineout(prefix) prefix = '~[8m'~left(6)' '!||hi[4]'Concealed'!||fg[1], "(Doesn't seem to work in my xterm; might in Windows?)" .OUTPUT~lineout(prefix) .OUTPUT~lineout(' ') .OUTPUT~lineout("Where ~ denotes the ASCII escape character ('1B'x).") .OUTPUT~lineout(' ')
exit
/*.--------------------------------------------------------.*/ /*|One might expect to be able to use directory collections|*/ /*|as below instead of array collections, but there is no |*/ /*|way to guarantee that a directory's indices will be |*/ /*|iterated over in a consistent sequence, since directory |*/ /*|objects are not ordered. Oh, well... |*/ /*'--------------------------------------------------------'*/
fg = .directory~new fg[Default] = '[0m'; fg[DefaultBold] = '[1m' fg[Black] = '[0;30m'; fg[DarkGray] = '[1;30m' fg[Blue] = '[0;34m'; fg[LightBlue] = '[1;34m' fg[Green] = '[0;32m'; fg[LightGreen] = '[1;32m' fg[Cyan] = '[0;36m'; fg[LightCyan] = '[1;36m' fg[Red] = '[0;31m'; fg[LightRed] = '[1;31m' fg[Purple] = '[0;35m'; fg[LightPurple] = '[1;35m' fg[Brown] = '[0;33m'; fg[Yellow] = '[1;33m' fg[LightGray] = '[0;37m'; fg[White] = '[1;37m' bg = .directory~new; hi = .directory~new bg[Black] = '[0;40m'; hi[Underlined] = '[4m' bg[Blue] = '[0;44m'; hi[Blinking] = '[5m' bg[Green] = '[0;42m'; hi[Inverted] = '[7m' bg[Cyan] = '[0;46m'; hi[Concealed] = '[8m' bg[Red] = '[0;41m' bg[Purple] = '[0;45m' bg[Brown] = '[0;43m' bg[LightGray] = '[0;47m'
usage: procedure
trace normal
if arg(1) = '-h', | arg(1) = '-?', | arg(1) = '--help' then do line = '/*|' say
do l = 3 by 1 while line~left(3) = '/*|' line = sourceline(l) parse var line . '/*|' text '|*/' . .OUTPUT~lineout(text) end
say exit 0 end
return </lang> This is what the output looks like:
--Leslie 23:10, 23 September 2012 (UTC)
PARI/GP
<lang parigp>for(b=40, 47, for(c=30, 37, printf("\e[%d;%d;1mRosetta Code\e[0m\n", c, b)))</lang>
Pascal
The CRT unit allows us to play with the console window, since at least the old Turbo Pascal days. We can clear the screen and specify colors by number or by name, among other tricks.
<lang pascal>program Colorizer;
uses CRT;
const SampleText = 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet';
var fg, bg: 0..15;
begin
ClrScr; for fg := 0 to 7 do begin bg := 15 - fg; TextBackground(bg); TextColor(fg); writeln(SampleText) end; TextBackground(White); TextColor(Black);
end.</lang>
Perl
<lang perl>my %colors = (
red => "\e[1;31m", green => "\e[1;32m", yellow => "\e[1;33m", blue => "\e[1;34m", magenta => "\e[1;35m", cyan => "\e[1;36m"
); $clr = "\e[0m";
print "$colors{$_}$_ text $clr\n" for sort keys %colors;
- the Raku code also works
use feature 'say'; use Term::ANSIColor;
say colored('RED ON WHITE', 'bold red on_white'); say colored('GREEN', 'bold green'); say colored('BLUE ON YELLOW', 'bold blue on_yellow'); say colored('MAGENTA', 'bold magenta'); say colored('CYAN ON RED', 'bold cyan on_red'); say colored('YELLOW', 'bold yellow');</lang>
Phix
The following builtin constants (0..15) may be used: BLACK, BLUE, BRIGHT_BLUE, BROWN, CYAN, BRIGHT_CYAN, GRAY, GREEN, BRIGHT_GREEN, MAGENTA, BRIGHT_MAGENTA, RED, BRIGHT_RED, WHITE, BRIGHT_WHITE, YELLOW <lang Phix>-- -- demo\rosetta\Coloured_text.exw -- ================================ -- text_color(GRAY) bk_color(BLACK) printf(1,"Background color# 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15\n") printf(1," -----------------------------------------------\n") for foreground=0 to 15 do
printf(1,"Foreground color# %02d ",foreground) for background=0 to 15 do text_color(foreground) bk_color(background) printf(1,"%02d",foreground) text_color(GRAY) bk_color(BLACK) printf(1," ") end for printf(1,"\n")
end for printf(1,"\n\npress enter to exit") {} = wait_key()</lang> Output matches PureBasic
PicoLisp
<lang PicoLisp>(unless (member (sys "TERM") '("linux" "xterm" "xterm-color" "xterm-256color" "rxvt"))
(quit "This application requires a colour terminal") )
- Coloured text
(for X '((1 . "Red") (4 . "Blue") (3 . "Yellow"))
(call 'tput "setaf" (car X)) (prinl (cdr X)) )
- Blinking
(out '(tput "-S")
(prinl "setab 1^Jsetaf 3^Jblink") )
(prin "Flashing text")
(call 'tput 'sgr0) # reset (prinl)</lang>
PowerShell
<lang PowerShell> foreach ($color in [enum]::GetValues([System.ConsoleColor])) {Write-Host "$color color." -ForegroundColor $color} </lang>
PureBasic
<lang purebasic>If OpenConsole()
PrintN("Background color# 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15") PrintN(" -----------------------------------------------") Define Foreground, Background For Foreground = 0 To 15 ConsoleColor(7, 0) ;grey foreground, black background Print("Foreground color# " + RSet(Str(Foreground), 2, "0") + " ") For Background = 0 To 15 ConsoleColor(Foreground, Background) Print(RSet(Str(Foreground), 2, "0")) ConsoleColor(7, 0) ;grey foreground, black background Print(" ") Next PrintN("") Next ConsoleColor(7, 0) ;grey foreground, black background Print(#CRLF$ + #CRLF$ + "Press ENTER to exit"): Input() CloseConsole()
Python
<lang python> from colorama import init, Fore, Back, Style init(autoreset=True)
print Fore.RED + "FATAL ERROR! Cannot write to /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-33-generic" print Back.BLUE + Fore.YELLOW + "What a cute console!" print "This is an %simportant%s word" % (Style.BRIGHT, Style.NORMAL) print Fore.YELLOW + "Rosetta Code!" print Fore.CYAN + "Rosetta Code!" print Fore.GREEN + "Rosetta Code!" print Fore.MAGENTA + "Rosetta Code!" print Back.YELLOW + Fore.BLUE + Style.BRIGHT + " " * 40 + " == Good Bye!" </lang>
This is a windows only solution without colorama
<lang python>
from ctypes import *
windll.Kernel32.GetStdHandle.restype = c_ulong h = windll.Kernel32.GetStdHandle(c_ulong(0xfffffff5))
- Default CMD colour = 7
def color(colour):
windll.Kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(h, colour)
for count in range (0, 16):
color(count) print "This Colour Is #" + str(count)
print "" color(7) raw_input("holding cmd") </lang>
Racket
<lang racket>
- lang racket
- Utility interfaces to the low-level command
(define (capability? cap) (system (~a "tput "cap" > /dev/null 2>&1"))) (define (tput . xs) (system (apply ~a 'tput " " (add-between xs " "))) (void)) (define (colorterm?) (and (capability? 'setaf) (capability? 'setab))) (define color-map '([black 0] [red 1] [green 2] [yellow 3]
[blue 4] [magenta 5] [cyan 6] [white 7]))
(define (foreground color) (tput 'setaf (cadr (assq color color-map)))) (define (background color) (tput 'setab (cadr (assq color color-map)))) (define (reset) (tput 'sgr0) (void))
- Demonstration of use
(if (colorterm?)
(begin (foreground 'blue) (background 'yellow) (displayln "Color output") (reset)) (displayln "Monochrome only"))
(if (capability? 'blink)
(begin (tput 'blink) (displayln "Blinking output") (reset)) (displayln "Steady only"))
</lang>
Raku
(formerly Perl 6) <lang perl6>use Terminal::ANSIColor;
say colored('RED ON WHITE', 'bold red on_white'); say colored('GREEN', 'bold green'); say colored('BLUE ON YELLOW', 'bold blue on_yellow'); say colored('MAGENTA', 'bold magenta'); say colored('CYAN ON RED', 'bold cyan on_red'); say colored('YELLOW', 'bold yellow');</lang>
REXX
PC/REXX or Personal REXX
This REXX program only works under PC/REXX (also called Personal REXX).
PC/REXX can execute under MSDOS (or a Windows DOS window), or OS/2.
Only Windows older than Windows 7 supports RC/REXX, newer versions of Windows won't run 16-bit code.
The prologue code (at the bottom of the program) is a collection of some general-purpose subroutines which determine:
- which environment (operating system) the REXX interpreter is running under
- if Windows/NT/XP/Vista/7/8 (the NT family) is running
- which REXX is being executed
- what literal to use to obtain the environmental variables (for the value bif)
- what the fileName, fileType/fileExt, fileMode/path is of the REXX program
- which command to use to clear the terminal screen
- invokes $H to show general documentation (1st and only arg = ?)
- invokes $H to show a flow diagram (1st and only arg = ?FLOW)
- invokes $H to show sample uses (1st and only arg = ?SAMPLE)
- invokes $H to show the author & contact info (1st and only arg = ?AUTHOR)
All the prologue was left intact to give a general feel of the scope of the boilerplate code.
The prologue code is in many REXX programs and it's easier to keep them on one line for copying purposes and sorting.
The program displays 16 lines, each of a different color with text stating the color of the text.
(The black text, of course, is essentially invisible as the background is also black.)
<lang rexx>/*REXX program to display sixteen lines, each of a different color. */
parse arg !; if !all() then exit /*exit if documentation specified*/
if \!dos & \!os2 then exit /*if this isn't DOS, then exit. */
if \!pcrexx then exit /*if this isn't PC/REXX, exit. */
color.0 = 'black' /*┌─────────────────────────────┐*/ color.1 = 'dark blue' /*│ Normally, all programs issue│*/ color.2 = 'dark green' /*│ the (above) error messages │*/ color.3 = 'dark cyan/turquois' /*│ through another REXX program│*/ color.4 = 'dark red' /*│ ($ERR) which has more │*/ color.5 = 'dark pink/magenta' /*│ verbiage and explanations, │*/ color.6 = 'dark yellow (orange)' /*│ and issues the error text in│*/ color.7 = 'dark white' /*│ red (if color is available).│*/ color.8 = 'brite black (grey/gray)' /*└─────────────────────────────┘*/ color.9 = 'bright blue' color.10 = 'bright green' color.11 = 'bright cyan/turquois' color.12 = 'bright red' color.13 = 'bright pink/magenta' color.14 = 'bright yellow' color.15 = 'bright white'
do j=0 to 15 /*show all sixteen color codes. */ call scrwrite ,,'color code=['right(j,2)"]" color.j,,,j; say end /*j*/ /*the "SAY" forces a NEWLINE. */
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're done.*/ /*══════════════════════════════════general 1-line subs═════════════════*/ !all:!!=!;!=space(!);upper !;call !fid;!nt=right(!var('OS'),2)=='NT';!cls=word('CLS VMFCLEAR CLRSCREEN',1+!cms+!tso*2);if arg(1)\==1 then return 0;if wordpos(!,'? ?SAMPLES ?AUTHOR ?FLOW')==0 then return 0;!call=']$H';call '$H' !fn !;!call=;return 1 !cal:if symbol('!CALL')\=="VAR" then !call=;return !call !env:!env='ENVIRONMENT';if !sys=='MSDOS'|!brexx|!r4|!roo then !env='SYSTEM';if !os2 then !env='OS2'!env;!ebcdic=1=='f0'x;return !fid:parse upper source !sys !fun !fid . 1 . . !fn !ft !fm .;call !sys;if !dos then do;_=lastpos('\',!fn);!fm=left(!fn,_);!fn=substr(!fn,_+1);parse var !fn !fn '.' !ft;end;return word(0 !fn !ft !fm,1+('0'arg(1))) !rex:parse upper version !ver !vernum !verdate .;!brexx='BY'==!vernum;!kexx='KEXX'==!ver;!pcrexx='REXX/PERSONAL'==!ver|'REXX/PC'==!ver;!r4='REXX-R4'==!ver;!regina='REXX-REGINA'==left(!ver,11);!roo='REXX-ROO'==!ver;call !env;return !sys:!cms=!sys=='CMS';!os2=!sys=='OS2';!tso=!sys=='TSO'|!sys=='MVS';!vse=!sys=='VSE';!dos=pos('DOS',!sys)\==0|pos('WIN',!sys)\==0|!sys=='CMD';call !rex;return !var:call !fid;if !kexx then return space(dosenv(arg(1)));return space(value(arg(1),,!env))</lang>
Ring
<lang ring>
- Project : Terminal control/Coloured text
load "consolecolors.ring"
forecolors = [CC_FG_BLACK,CC_FG_RED,CC_FG_GREEN,CC_FG_YELLOW,
CC_FG_BLUE,CC_FG_MAGENTA,CC_FG_CYAN,CC_FG_GRAY,CC_BG_WHITE]
for n = 1 to len(forecolors)
forecolor = forecolors[n] cc_print(forecolor | CC_BG_WHITE, "Rosetta Code" + nl)
next </lang> Output image:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/d313jguinhr6jyl/Colors.jpg?dl=0
Ruby
<lang Ruby>#!/usr/bin/ruby -w require 'rubygems' require 'colored'
print 'Colors are'.bold print ' black'.black print ' blue'.blue print ' cyan'.cyan print ' green'.green print ' magenta'.magenta print ' red'.red print ' white '.white print 'and'.underline, ' yellow'.yellow, "\n" puts 'black on blue'.black_on_blue puts 'black on cyan'.black_on_cyan puts 'black on green'.black_on_green puts 'black on magenta'.black_on_magenta puts 'black on red'.black_on_red puts 'white on black'.white_on_black puts 'white on blue'.white_on_blue puts 'white on cyan'.white_on_cyan puts 'white on green'.white_on_green puts 'white on magenta'.white_on_magenta puts 'white on red'.white_on_red</lang>
Rust
<lang rust>const ESC: &str = "\x1B["; const RESET: &str = "\x1B[0m";
fn main() {
println!("Foreground¦Background--------------------------------------------------------------"); print!(" ¦"); for i in 40..48 { print!(" ESC[{}m ", i); } println!("\n----------¦------------------------------------------------------------------------"); for i in 30..38 { print!("{}ESC[{}m ¦{}{1}m", RESET, i, ESC); for j in 40..48 { print!("{}{}m Rosetta ", ESC, j); } println!("{}", RESET); print!("{}ESC[{};1m ¦{}{1};1m", RESET, i, ESC); for j in 40..48 { print!("{}{}m Rosetta ", ESC, j); } println!("{}", RESET); }
}</lang>
Scala
Scala idiom (Functional Programming)
<lang scala>object ColouredText extends App {
val ESC = "\u001B" val (normal, bold, blink, black, white) = (ESC + "[0", ESC + "[1" , ESC + "[5" // not working on my machine , ESC + "[0;40m" // black background , ESC + "[0;37m" // normal white foreground )
print(s"${ESC}c") // clear terminal first print(black) // set background color to black def foreColors = Map( ";31m" -> "red", ";32m" -> "green", ";33m" -> "yellow", ";34m" -> "blue", ";35m" -> "magenta", ";36m" -> "cyan", ";37m" -> "white")
Seq(normal, bold, blink).flatMap(attr => foreColors.map(color => (attr, color))) .foreach { case (attr, (seq, text)) => println(s"$attr${seq}${text}") } println(white) // set foreground color to normal white
} </lang>
Sidef
<lang ruby>var a = frequire('Term::ANSIColor');
say a.colored('RED ON WHITE', 'bold red on_white'); say a.colored('GREEN', 'bold green'); say a.colored('BLUE ON YELLOW', 'bold blue on_yellow'); say a.colored('MAGENTA', 'bold magenta'); say a.colored('CYAN ON RED', 'bold cyan on_red'); say a.colored('YELLOW', 'bold yellow');</lang>
Tcl
This only works on Unix terminals as it delegates to the system tput command. <lang tcl># Utility interfaces to the low-level command proc capability cap {expr {![catch {exec tput -S << $cap}]}} proc colorterm {} {expr {[capability setaf] && [capability setab]}} proc tput args {exec tput -S << $args >/dev/tty} array set color {black 0 red 1 green 2 yellow 3 blue 4 magenta 5 cyan 6 white 7} proc foreground x {exec tput -S << "setaf $::color($x)" > /dev/tty} proc background x {exec tput -S << "setab $::color($x)" > /dev/tty} proc reset {} {exec tput sgr0 > /dev/tty}
- Demonstration of use
if {[colorterm]} {
foreground blue background yellow puts "Color output" reset
} else {
puts "Monochrome only"
}
if {[capability blink]} {
tput blink puts "Blinking output" reset
} else {
puts "Steady only"
}</lang>
TPP
<lang tpp>--color red This is red --color green This is green --color blue This is blue --color cyan This is cyan --color magenta This is magenta --color yellow This is yellow</lang>
UNIX Shell
<lang sh>#!/bin/sh
- Check if the terminal supports colour
- We should know from the TERM evironment variable whether the system
- is comfigured for a colour terminal or not, but we can also check the
- tput utility to check the terminal capability records.
COLORS=8 # Assume initially that the system supports eight colours case $TERM in
linux) ;; # We know this is a colour terminal rxvt) ;; # We know this is a colour terminal *) COLORS=`tput colors 2> /dev/null` # Get the number of colours from the termcap file
esac if [ -z $COLORS ] ; then
COLORS=1 # Watch out for an empty returned value
fi
if [ $COLORS -le 2 ] ; then
# The terminal is not colour echo "HW65000 This application requires a colour terminal" >&2 exit 252 #ERLHW incompatible hardware
fi
- We know at this point that the terminal is colour
- Coloured text
tput setaf 1 #red echo "Red" tput setaf 4 #blue echo "Blue" tput setaf 3 # yellow echo "Yellow"
- Blinking
tput setab 1 # red background tput setaf 3 # yellow foreground
- tput blink # enable blinking (but does not work on some terminals)
echo "Flashing text"
tput sgr0 # reset everything before exiting</lang>
Wren
<lang ecmascript>import "timer" for Timer
var colors = ["Black", "Red", "Green", "Yellow", "Blue", "Magenta", "Cyan", "White"] var esc = "\x1b"
// display words using 'bright' colors for (i in 1..7) System.print("%(esc)[%(30+i);1m%(colors[i])") // red to white Timer.sleep(3000) // wait for 3 seconds System.write("%(esc)[47m") // set background color to white System.write("%(esc)[2J") // clear screen to background color System.write("%(esc)[H") // home the cursor
// display words again using 'blinking' colors System.write("%(esc)[5m") // blink on for (i in 0..6) System.print("%(esc)[%(30+i);1m%(colors[i])") // black to cyan Timer.sleep(3000) // wait for 3 more seconds System.write("%(esc)[0m") // reset all attributes System.write("%(esc)[2J") // clear screen to background color System.write("%(esc)[H") // home the cursor</lang>
XPL0
Device 6 is similar to the standard console output device 0, but it supports color. When light colors are used for background (in a text rather than graphic display mode) they are displayed as standard (dim) colors and the foreground color flashes. A BIOS call (int 10h, func 10h, sub 03h) can be used to disable flashing and enable bright backgrounds.
It's possible to detect monochrome displays with a BIOS call, but monochrome is so ancient it's not worth demonstrating. Actually the older 16-bit versions of the language made it easy to detect monochrome using the Equip(ment) intrinsic, but the newer 32-bit version doesn't provide the Equip intrinsic.
Of course these features are provided by the hardware of IBM-compatible PCs and by simulators, such as DOSBox, on other computers.
<lang XPL0>code ChOut=8, Attrib=69; def Black, Blue, Green, Cyan, Red, Magenta, Brown, White, \attribute colors
Gray, LBlue, LGreen, LCyan, LRed, LMagenta, Yellow, BWhite; \EGA palette
[ChOut(6,^C); \default white on black background Attrib(Red<<4+White); \white on red ChOut(6,^o); Attrib(Green<<4+Red); \red on green ChOut(6,^l); Attrib(Blue<<4+LGreen); \light green on blue ChOut(6,^o); Attrib(LRed<<4+White); \flashing white on (standard/dim) red ChOut(6,^u); Attrib(Cyan<<4+Black); \black on cyan ChOut(6,^r); ]</lang>
zkl
Terminal window on Linux, prints tables of colored glyphs. <lang zkl>fcn table(title,mode){
println("\n\e[1m%s\e[m\n bg\t fg".fmt(title)); foreach b in ([40..48].chain([100..107])){ print("%3d\t\e[%s%dm".fmt(b,mode,b)); foreach f in ([30..38].chain([90..97])){ print("\e[%dm%3d ".fmt(f,f)) } println("\e[m"); }
}
table("normal ( ESC[22m or ESC[m )", "22;"); table("bold ( ESC[1m )", "1;"); table("faint ( ESC[2m ), not well supported", "2;"); table("italic ( ESC[3m ), not well supported", "3;"); table("underline ( ESC[4m ), support varies", "4;"); table("blink ( ESC[5m )", "5;"); table("inverted ( ESC[7m )", "7;");</lang>
ZX Spectrum Basic
The ZX Spectrum will always output colour. However if the television is black and white, these will show as various levels of luminence corresponding to the numerical colour value. <lang zxbasic>10 FOR l=0 TO 7 20 READ c$: REM get our text for display 30 INK l: REM set the text colour 40 PRINT c$ 50 NEXT l 60 PAPER 2: REM red background 70 INK 6: REM yellow forground 80 FLASH 1: REM activate flashing 90 PRINT "Flashing!": REM this will flash red and yellow (alternating inverse) 100 PAPER 7: INK 0: FLASH 0: REM normalize colours before exit 110 STOP
900 DATA "Black","Blue","Red","Magenta","Green","Cyan","Yellow","White"</lang>
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