Tic-tac-toe: Difference between revisions

From Rosetta Code
Content added Content deleted
(→‎Tcl: Added implementation)
(→‎{{header|Python}}: Add example with better skills.)
Line 118: Line 118:


O wins across [1, 4, 7]</pre>
O wins across [1, 4, 7]</pre>

==Better skilled player==
In this version, The computer player will first complete a winning line of its own if it can, otherwise block a winning line of its opponent if they have two in a row, or then choose a random move.

<lang python>
'''
Tic-tac-toe game player.
Input the index of where you wish to place your mark at your turn.
'''

import random

board = list('123456789')
wins = ((0,1,2), (3,4,5), (6,7,8),
(0,3,6), (1,4,7), (2,5,8),
(0,4,8), (2,4,6))

def printboard():
print('\n-+-+-\n'.join('|'.join(board[x:x+3]) for x in(0,3,6)))

def score(board=board):
for w in wins:
b = board[w[0]]
if b in 'XO' and all (board[i] == b for i in w):
return b, [i+1 for i in w]
return None

def finished():
return all (b in 'XO' for b in board)

def space(board=board):
return [ b for b in board if b not in 'XO']

def my_turn(xo, board):
options = space()
choice = random.choice(options)
board[int(choice)-1] = xo
return choice

def my_better_turn(xo, board):
'Will return a next winning move or block your winning move if possible'
ox = 'O' if xo =='X' else 'X'
oneblock = None
options = [int(s)-1 for s in space(board)]
for choice in options:
brd = board[:]
brd[choice] = xo
if score(brd):
break
if oneblock is None:
brd[choice] = ox
if score(brd):
oneblock = choice
else:
choice = oneblock if oneblock is not None else random.choice(options)
board[choice] = xo
return choice+1

def your_turn(xo, board):
options = space()
while True:
choice = input("\nPut your %s in any of these positions: %s "
% (xo, ''.join(options))).strip()
if choice in options:
break
print( "Whoops I don't understand the input" )
board[int(choice)-1] = xo
return choice

def me(xo='X'):
printboard()
print('\nI go at', my_better_turn(xo, board))
return score()

def you(xo='O'):
printboard()
# Call my_turn(xo, board) below for it to play itself
print('\nYou went at', your_turn(xo, board))
return score()


print(__doc__)
while not finished():
s = me('X')
if s:
printboard()
print("\n%s wins along %s" % s)
break
if not finished():
s = you('O')
if s:
printboard()
print("\n%s wins along %s" % s)
break
else:
print('\nA draw')</lang>

'''Sample output'''
<pre>
Tic-tac-toe game player.
Input the index of where you wish to place your mark at your turn.

1|2|3
-+-+-
4|5|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

I go at 2
1|X|3
-+-+-
4|5|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

Put your O in any of these positions: 13456789 5

You went at 5
1|X|3
-+-+-
4|O|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

I go at 1
X|X|3
-+-+-
4|O|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

Put your O in any of these positions: 346789 3

You went at 3
X|X|O
-+-+-
4|O|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

I go at 7
X|X|O
-+-+-
4|O|6
-+-+-
X|8|9

Put your O in any of these positions: 4689 4

You went at 4
X|X|O
-+-+-
O|O|6
-+-+-
X|8|9

I go at 6
X|X|O
-+-+-
O|O|X
-+-+-
X|8|9

Put your O in any of these positions: 89 9

You went at 9
X|X|O
-+-+-
O|O|X
-+-+-
X|8|O

I go at 8

A draw</pre>


=={{header|Tcl}}==
=={{header|Tcl}}==

Revision as of 11:55, 6 February 2011

Task
Tic-tac-toe
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.

Play a game of tic-tac-toe. Ensure that legal moves are played and that a winning position is notified.

Python

The computer enforces the rules but plays a random game. <lang python> 

   Tic-tac-toe game player.
   Input the index of where you wish to place your mark at your turn.

import random

board = list('123456789') wins = ((0,1,2), (3,4,5), (6,7,8), 

       (0,3,6), (1,4,7), (2,5,8),
       (0,4,8), (2,4,6))

def printboard(): 

   print('\n'.join(' '.join(board[x:x+3]) for x in(0,3,6)))

def score(): 

   for w in wins:
       b = board[w[0]]
       if b in 'XO' and all (board[i] == b for i in w):
           return b, [i+1 for i in w]
   return None, None

def finished(): 

   return all (b in 'XO' for b in board)

def space(): 

   return [ b for b in board if b not in 'XO']

def my_turn(xo): 

   options = space()
   choice = random.choice(options)
   board[int(choice)-1] = xo
   return choice

def your_turn(xo): 

   options = space()
   while True:
       choice = input(" Put your %s in any of these positions: %s "
                      % (xo, .join(options))).strip()
       if choice in options:
           break
       print( "Whoops I don't understand the input" )
   board[int(choice)-1] = xo
   return choice

def me(xo='X'): 

   printboard()
   print('I go at', my_turn(xo))
   return score()
   assert not s[0], "\n%s wins across %s" % s

def you(xo='O'): 

   printboard()
   # Call my_turn(xo) below for it to play itself
   print('You went at', your_turn(xo))
   return score()
   assert not s[0], "\n%s wins across %s" % s


print(__doc__) while not finished(): 

   s = me('X')
   if s[0]:
       printboard()
       print("\n%s wins across %s" % s)
       break
   if not finished():
       s = you('O')
       if s[0]:
           printboard()
           print("\n%s wins across %s" % s)
           break

else: 

   print('\nA draw')

</lang>

Sample Game 

    Tic-tac-toe game player.
    Input the index of where you wish to place your mark at your turn.

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
I go at 9
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 X
 Put your O in any of these positions: 12345678 1
You went at 1
O 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 X
I go at 3
O 2 X
4 5 6
7 8 X
 Put your O in any of these positions: 245678 4
You went at 4
O 2 X
O 5 6
7 8 X
I go at 2
O X X
O 5 6
7 8 X
 Put your O in any of these positions: 5678 7
You went at 7
O X X
O 5 6
O 8 X

O wins across [1, 4, 7]

Better skilled player

In this version, The computer player will first complete a winning line of its own if it can, otherwise block a winning line of its opponent if they have two in a row, or then choose a random move.

<lang python> 

   Tic-tac-toe game player.
   Input the index of where you wish to place your mark at your turn.

import random

board = list('123456789') wins = ((0,1,2), (3,4,5), (6,7,8), 

       (0,3,6), (1,4,7), (2,5,8),
       (0,4,8), (2,4,6))

def printboard(): 

   print('\n-+-+-\n'.join('|'.join(board[x:x+3]) for x in(0,3,6)))

def score(board=board): 

   for w in wins:
       b = board[w[0]]
       if b in 'XO' and all (board[i] == b for i in w):
           return b, [i+1 for i in w]
   return None

def finished(): 

   return all (b in 'XO' for b in board)

def space(board=board): 

   return [ b for b in board if b not in 'XO']

def my_turn(xo, board): 

   options = space()
   choice = random.choice(options)
   board[int(choice)-1] = xo
   return choice

def my_better_turn(xo, board): 

   'Will return a next winning move or block your winning move if possible'
   ox = 'O' if xo =='X' else 'X'
   oneblock = None
   options  = [int(s)-1 for s in space(board)]
   for choice in options:
       brd = board[:]
       brd[choice] = xo
       if score(brd):
           break
       if oneblock is None:
           brd[choice] = ox
           if score(brd):
               oneblock = choice
   else:
       choice = oneblock if oneblock is not None else random.choice(options)
   board[choice] = xo
   return choice+1

def your_turn(xo, board): 

   options = space()
   while True:
       choice = input("\nPut your %s in any of these positions: %s "
                      % (xo, .join(options))).strip()
       if choice in options:
           break
       print( "Whoops I don't understand the input" )
   board[int(choice)-1] = xo
   return choice

def me(xo='X'): 

   printboard()
   print('\nI go at', my_better_turn(xo, board))
   return score()

def you(xo='O'): 

   printboard()
   # Call my_turn(xo, board) below for it to play itself
   print('\nYou went at', your_turn(xo, board))
   return score()


print(__doc__) while not finished(): 

   s = me('X')
   if s:
       printboard()
       print("\n%s wins along %s" % s)
       break
   if not finished():
       s = you('O')
       if s:
           printboard()
           print("\n%s wins along %s" % s)
           break

else: 

   print('\nA draw')</lang>

Sample output 

    Tic-tac-toe game player.
    Input the index of where you wish to place your mark at your turn.

1|2|3
-+-+-
4|5|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

I go at 2
1|X|3
-+-+-
4|5|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

Put your O in any of these positions: 13456789 5

You went at 5
1|X|3
-+-+-
4|O|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

I go at 1
X|X|3
-+-+-
4|O|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

Put your O in any of these positions: 346789 3

You went at 3
X|X|O
-+-+-
4|O|6
-+-+-
7|8|9

I go at 7
X|X|O
-+-+-
4|O|6
-+-+-
X|8|9

Put your O in any of these positions: 4689 4

You went at 4
X|X|O
-+-+-
O|O|6
-+-+-
X|8|9

I go at 6
X|X|O
-+-+-
O|O|X
-+-+-
X|8|9

Put your O in any of these positions: 89 9

You went at 9
X|X|O
-+-+-
O|O|X
-+-+-
X|8|O

I go at 8

A draw

Tcl

Translation of: Python

<lang tcl>package require Tcl 8.6

  1. This code splits the players from the core game engine

oo::class create TicTacToe { 

   variable board player letter who
   constructor {player1class player2class} {

set board {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9} set player(0) [$player1class new [self] [set letter(0) "X"]] set player(1) [$player2class new [self] [set letter(1) "O"]] set who 0 

   }

   method PrintBoard {} {

lassign $board a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2 a3 b3 c3 puts [format " %s | %s | %s" $a1 $b1 $c1] puts "---+---+---" puts [format " %s | %s | %s" $a2 $b2 $c2] puts "---+---+---" puts [format " %s | %s | %s" $a3 $b3 $c3] 

   }

   method WinForSomeone {} {

foreach w { {0 1 2} {3 4 5} {6 7 8} {0 3 6} {1 4 7} {2 5 8} {0 4 8} {2 4 6} } { set b [lindex $board [lindex $w 0]] if {$b ni "X O"} continue foreach i $w {if {[lindex $board $i] ne $b} break} if {[lindex $board $i] eq $b} { foreach p $w {lappend w1 [expr {$p+1}]} return [list $b $w1] } } return "" 

   }

   method status {} {

return $board 

   }

   method IsDraw {} {

foreach b $board {if {[string is digit $b]} {return false}} return true 

   }

   method legalMoves {} {

foreach b $board {if {[string is digit $b]} {lappend legal $b}} return $legal 

   }

   method DoATurn {} {

set legal [my legalMoves] my PrintBoard while 1 { set move [$player($who) turn] if {$move in $legal} break puts "Illegal move!" } lset board [expr {$move - 1}] $letter($who) $player($who) describeMove $move set who [expr {1 - $who}] return [my WinForSomeone] 

   }

   method game {} {
       puts "    Tic-tac-toe game player.
   Input the index of where you wish to place your mark at your turn.\n"

while {![my IsDraw]} { set winner [my DoATurn] if {$winner eq ""} continue lassign $winner winLetter winSites my PrintBoard puts "\n$winLetter wins across \[[join $winSites {, }]\]" return $winLetter } puts "\nA draw" 

   }

}

  1. Stupid robotic player

oo::class create RandomRoboPlayer { 

   variable g
   constructor {game letter} {

set g $game 

   }
   method turn {} {

set legal [$g legalMoves] return [lindex $legal [expr {int(rand()*[llength $legal])}]] 

   }
   method describeMove {move} {

puts "I go at $move" 

   }

}

  1. Interactive human player delegate

oo::class create HumanPlayer { 

   variable g char
   constructor {game letter} {

set g $game set char $letter 

   }
   method turn {} {

set legal [$g legalMoves] puts ">>> Put your $char in any of these positions: [join $legal {}]" while 1 { puts -nonewline ">>> " flush stdout gets stdin number if {$number in $legal} break puts ">>> Whoops I don't understand the input!" } return $number 

   }
   method describeMove {move} {

puts "You went at $move" 

   }

}

  1. Assemble the pieces

set ttt [TicTacToe new HumanPlayer RandomRoboPlayer] $ttt game</lang> Sample game: 

    Tic-tac-toe game player.
    Input the index of where you wish to place your mark at your turn.

 1 | 2 | 3
---+---+---
 4 | 5 | 6
---+---+---
 7 | 8 | 9
>>> Put your X in any of these positions: 123456789
>>> 1
You went at 1
 X | 2 | 3
---+---+---
 4 | 5 | 6
---+---+---
 7 | 8 | 9
I go at 5
 X | 2 | 3
---+---+---
 4 | O | 6
---+---+---
 7 | 8 | 9
>>> Put your X in any of these positions: 2346789
>>> 7
You went at 7
 X | 2 | 3
---+---+---
 4 | O | 6
---+---+---
 X | 8 | 9
I go at 9
 X | 2 | 3
---+---+---
 4 | O | 6
---+---+---
 X | 8 | O
>>> Put your X in any of these positions: 23468
>>> 4
You went at 4
 X | 2 | 3
---+---+---
 X | O | 6
---+---+---
 X | 8 | O

X wins across [1, 4, 7]
Retrieved from "https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Tic-tac-toe?oldid=170655"